Quick Google search shows that it's part of a vintage aircraft radio. Looks like a Reciever/Navigator given the markings on the bottom.
What's funny is it looks like the Bendix Trophy Line M-450. Has the perfect shape that aligns with the holes as and whatever may have been in those cylinders. Bendix bought that technology from Motorola. The M-450 may contain the shape, but has no accommodation for the switch. Perhaps this was for a pre-solid-state radio. Must not be too common as a couple of people have these things and have no idea what they are. Or what you're looking at is an internal part that is normally encased in something else.
I'd start checking with veteran radiomen. One of them probably recognizes it. This guy could probably help either identify it, or at least put you on the path: http://www.radio-nv.com/

